The CNC milling machine is developed on the basis of the general milling machine. The processing technology of the two is basically the same, and the structure is somewhat similar, but the CNC milling machine is an automatic processing machine controlled by the program, so its structure is also very different from the ordinary milling machine:

CNC milling machine is generally composed of CNC system, main drive system, feed servo system, cooling and lubrication system, etc.:

• Spindle box Including the spindle box body and the spindle transmission system, it is used to clamp the tool and drive the tool to rotate. The spindle speed range and output torque have a direct impact on the processing.
• The feed servo system is composed of a feed motor and a feed actuator, and realizes the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece according to the feed speed set by the program, including linear feed motion and rotational motion.
• Control system The CNC milling machine motion control center executes the CNC machining program to control the machine tool for processing.
• Auxiliary devices such as hydraulic, pneumatic, lubrication, cooling systems and chip removal, protection and other devices.
• The basic parts of machine tools usually refer to the base, columns, beams, etc., which are the foundation and frame of the entire machine tool.

Processing characteristics of CNC milling machine

High productivity

CNC machine tools can effectively reduce the processing time and auxiliary time of parts. The spindle speed and feed range of CNC machine tools are large, allowing the machine tool to perform powerful cutting with a large amount of cutting, rapid movement and positioning of CNC machine tool moving parts, and high-speed cutting. , reducing the inter-process turnaround time of semi-finished products and improving production efficiency.

High machining accuracy

The machining accuracy of CNC machine tools can generally reach 0.005 ~ 0.1mm. CNC machine tools are controlled in the form of digital signals. Each time the CNC device outputs a pulse signal, the moving parts of the machine tool move a pulse equivalent (usually 0.001mm), and the machine tool advances. The backlash of the transmission chain and the average error of the lead screw pitch can be compensated by the numerical control device, so the positioning accuracy of the numerical control machine tool is relatively high.

Highly flexible

To ensure the surface accuracy of the workpiece, it mainly depends on the processing program. It is different from ordinary machine tools. It is not necessary to manufacture and replace many tools and fixtures, and it is not necessary to adjust the machine tool frequently. Therefore, CNC machine tools are suitable for occasions where parts are frequently replaced. That is to say, it is suitable for single piece, small batch production and new product development, which shortens the production preparation cycle and saves a lot of process equipment costs.

Stable and reliable processing quality

Machining the same batch of parts, on the same machine tool, under the same processing conditions, using the same tool and processing program, the tool travel path is exactly the same, the consistency of the parts is good, and the quality is stable.

Conducive to the modernization of production management

CNC machine tool processing can accurately estimate the processing time in advance, and the tools and fixtures used can be standardized and modernized. CNC machine tools use digital signals and standard codes as control information, which is easy to standardize processing information. At present, it has been organically combined with computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), which is the basis of modern integrated manufacturing technology.

Improve working conditions

After the CNC machine tool has been adjusted before processing, input the program and start it, the machine tool can automatically and continuously process until the end of the processing. The operator is mainly engaged in program input, editing, loading and unloading parts, tool preparation, observation of processing status, and inspection of parts. The labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the labor of machine tool operators tends to be intellectual work. In addition, machine tools are generally closed processing, that is, clean and safe.

Conclusion

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